5,431 research outputs found
Bright Line, Substantial Participation, or Something Else: Who is a Primary Violator Under Rule 10b-5?
This Note analyzes the competing theories currently used by courts and commentators to determine when a secondary actor’s conduct arises to the level of a primary violation under section 10(b) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 and Securities and Exchange Commission rule 10b-5 on a theory of aiding and abetting primary violators. This Note proposes a workable and logical standard that can be used to differentiate a primary violation from mere aiding and abetting. Part I of the Note discusses the decision in Central Bank of Denver and the resulting dilemma that faced the lower courts in determining when a secondary actor is a primary violator. Part II provides an analytical discussion of the emergence of two tests often used to determine whether a secondary actor is a primary violator: the “bright line” and “substantial participation” tests. Finally, Part III discusses the elements of a primary violation of section 10(b) and rule 10b-5 as they relate to a secondary actor and proposes a workable and logical test to determine when a secondary actor’s conduct rises to the level of a primary violation
Library Research Instruction for Doctor of Ministry Students: Outcomes of Instruction Provided by a Theological Librarian and by a Program Faculty Member
At some seminaries the question of who is more effective teaching library research is an open question. There are two camps of thought: (1) that the program faculty member is more effective in providing library research instruction as he or she is intimately engaged in the subject of the course(s), or 2) that the theological librarian is more effective in providing library research instruction as he or she is more familiar with the scope of resources that are available, as well as how to obtain “hard to get” resources
Existence and Spectral Theory for Weak Solutions of Neumann and Dirichlet Problems for Linear Degenerate Elliptic Operators with Rough Coefficients
In this paper we study existence and spectral properties for weak solutions
of Neumann and Dirichlet problems associated to second order linear degenerate
elliptic partial differential operators , with rough coefficients of the
form in a geometric
homogeneous space setting where the matrix function is
allowed to degenerate. We give a maximum principle for weak solutions of
and follow this with a result describing a relationship between
compact projection of the degenerate Sobolev space into and a
Poincar\'e inequality with gain adapted to
Time-dependent Schr\"odinger equations having isomorphic symmetry algebras. II. Symmetry algebras, coherent and squeezed states
Using the transformations from paper I, we show that the Schr\"odinger
equations for: (1)systems described by quadratic Hamiltonians, (2) systems with
time-varying mass, and (3) time-dependent oscillators, all have isomorphic Lie
space-time symmetry algebras. The generators of the symmetry algebras are
obtained explicitly for each case and sets of number-operator states are
constructed. The algebras and the states are used to compute
displacement-operator coherent and squeezed states. Some properties of the
coherent and squeezed states are calculated. The classical motion of these
states is deomonstrated.Comment: LaTeX, 22 pages, new format, edited, with added discussion of the
classical motio
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